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You are the ED consultant in a rural hospital. A 31-year-old man presents with vertigo and blurred vision after drinking home-distilled alcohol.

Toxic Alcohol Ingestion

Additional lab results show urea of 9, ethanol level of 0 and measured serum osmolality of 322 mOsmol/L.

1. Analyse and interpret these results, showing your calculations. 4 marks

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2. State the antidote you would use in managing this poisoning. 2 marks

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3. List indications for dialysis in the context of this toxidrome. 4 marks

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Case reports support corticosteroids such as methylprednisolone 1 g daily for 3 days to mitigate optic neuropathy risk.

4. List potential long-term complications of this toxidrome. 2 marks

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