A 56-year-old male presents with acute confusion and visible jaundice after returning two weeks ago from an international conference. He lives alone at home. He has no background medical history and has no mental health or drug and alcohol related history. His observations are :

  • GCS: 12 (E4 V3 M5)
  • PR: 122 bpm
  • RR: 24 /min
  • SaO2: 96% (RA)
  • BP: 110/70 mmHg
  • Temp: 35.9 °C

1. What (6) other complications might be expected in this patient? 6 marks

2. Specifically regarding investigation of his hepa c encephalopathy, what blood test may be of use and state specific instructions on how to handle the specimen. 1 mark

3. How is this test useful? 1 mark

4. Regarding his hepatic encephalopathy, what treatment options may be used? 2 marks

5. List disposition considerations for this patient. 2 marks