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You are the tertiary ED consultant on duty. Your team is treating a 40-year-old male with severe life-threatening asthma. The patient is alert, GCS 15, RR 32/min, saturating 88% on 15 L/min oxygen, BP 150/95. You have optimised medical therapy.

1. State the benefits of NIV in this setting. 2 marks

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After 1 hour, despite maximal therapy and NIV, your patient starts to fatigue. You have decided to intubate the patient.

2. Post-intubation, outline (4) of your ventilator settings and explain the rationale for each of your choices. 8 marks

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15 minutes post-intubation, the patient becomes hypotensive, BP 72/50.

3. What are (4) potential aetiologies of post-intubation hypotension and what steps would you take to treat them? 8 marks

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