An 80-year-old male, with a history of dementia, from a residential aged care facility (RACF), is referred to your ED by his GP with malodourous urine for investigation and management of presumed UTI.

1. Give (4) clinical indications for collecting a urine sample for MCS in THIS patient. (4 marks) 4 marks

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2. What is the most commonly isolated organism in urine cultures from both community-dwelling older persons and residential aged care residents? (1 mark) 1 mark

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3. With the exception of diabetes, list (3) features of an aged care patient’s past medical history that will increase their risk for a UTI. (3 marks) 3 marks

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4. With the exception of renal stones, list (3) features of a patient’s past UROLOGICAL history that will increase their risk for a UTI. (3 marks) 3 marks

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The nursing staff are concerned that the patient is confused. You decide to use a delirium screening tool.

5. List (1) example of a validated delirium screening tool which can be used in the emergency department. (1 mark) 1 mark

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