A 64-year-old man with frequent alcohol-related ED presentations is brought in after a witnessed generalised tonic–clonic seizure. He has a reduced GCS and becomes agitated on waking.

1. List six most likely differentials for his reduced GCS. 6 marks

β˜… β˜… β˜… β˜… β˜…

Before your initial pathology and imaging investigations return, he wakes and starts ranting about wanting to leave and pushes your nurse aside in order to get out.

2. State your priorities in managing this situation as the senior clinician. 6 marks

β˜… β˜… β˜… β˜… β˜…

He ends up staying in your ED. You find out on eMR that he is prone to alcohol withdrawal seizures.

3. List three medications used in the ED for prevention or management of alcohol withdrawal seizures, including purpose and dose. 6 marks

β˜… β˜… β˜… β˜… β˜