A husband and wife present to the emergency department after a date night at a restaurant. Shortly after returning home, they both developed crampy abdominal pain and profuse vomiting.

1. List two key historical features that may help to differentiate between viral, bacterial and toxin-mediated gastroenteritis or diarrhoea. 6 marks

2. List two bacteria that produce pre-formed toxins causing gastroenteritis or diarrhoea. 2 marks

3. List two situations in which a patient with presumed infectious diarrhoea should have a stool culture. 2 marks

4. Provide two empiric antibiotic regimens appropriate for bacterial diarrhoea if treatment is indicated. 2 marks