SAQ Stack

1. Describe the anatomical mechanism that results in central cord syndrome and give the pathologically affected anatomy. 2 marks

2. Outline in broad terms how central cord syndrome presents clinically. 3 marks

In the ED, the patient is found to be profoundly hypotensive with a temperature of 33°C. You suspect he has neurogenic shock.

3. In the context of a multi-injured patient, state the conditions that must be met before the diagnosis of neurogenic shock is made. 4 marks

The patient suffered a permanent T3 level spinal cord injury and a year later presents with sudden onset severe headache, flushing of the face and pallor in their lower limbs. He is profoundly sweaty and has a BP of 220/108. You suspect autonomic dysreflexia.

4. Give six causes involving three different organ systems that could cause autonomic dysreflexia. 3 marks