A 32-year-old man is involved in an amateur mixed martial arts bout and is slammed onto the ground. He complains of immediate neck pain and is unable to move his hands or feet. Vitals: T 35.8 HR 48 BP 75/40 RR 24 SpO₂ 96% RA. He has clinical evidence of a spinal cord injury. A CT cervical spine image is provided.

Cervical spine injury with neurogenic shock

1. State two pertinent findings on the CT scan. 2 marks

2. What is the likely diagnosis? 1 mark

3. Name five unstable cervical spine injury patterns. 5 marks

4. List two clinical features of spinal shock and two of neurogenic shock. 4 marks

5. Above what spinal level is neurogenic shock likely to occur? 1 mark

6. Outline supportive care and targets in neurogenic shock. 3 marks