A 40-year-old woman is brought into ED under a section 20 by paramedics with delusions and paranoia on a background of schizophrenia. She is homeless and has been known to be non-compliant with medication. On arrival, she appears agitated and refuses to stay in bed. She starts to yell and attempts to leave the department.

1. State (5) considerations in your approach to de-escalating an agitated patient. 5 marks

The patient is unable to be de-escalated and refuses oral medications. She becomes violent.

2. Give (3) alternatives to PO sedation including dose and route. 3 marks

3. What is the difference between a Schedule 1 and a section 20 in terms of detaining a patient in ED? 1 mark

As you are administering the medication, she yells that she knows the law and you are infringing on her rights.

4. What are (2) medicolegal concepts to consider when administering treatment to a non-compliant patient? Give a brief description of each. 2 marks